For many years, free energy researchers have been arguing about the difference between a kacher (reactivity pump) [1] and a blocking generator [2], for in both cases we observe an apparent positive inductive feedback formed by the primary and secondary windings of the coil. Attempts to find such differences were made by the author, for example, here and here. This work will make it possible to unambiguously separate these two devices according to a different principle of signal generation, thanks to a very simple, but at the same time unusual circuit of the pulse generator. It does not have inductive feedback, however, it is able to generate fairly short unipolar pulses with a fairly economical power consumption.

A diagram of such a generator is shown in Figure 1. Here, the resistors C1 and R1-R2 set the bias to the base of the transistor VT1, and the chokes L1 and L2, due to the positive feedback, which we will discuss later, periodically excite it, which, in turn, leads to the appearance of short and relatively high-voltage pulses at the X1 pin. The peak voltage of such pulses usually reaches 15-30 times the generator supply voltage (+U and -U). Capacitor C2 smooths out the pulses on the power supply of the circuit, which can start from 1-2 V and, depending on the transistor, go up to 24 V. For even higher values, the use of high-voltage pulse transistors will be required.

The fundamental point of this generator is that the chokes L1 and L2 are not inductively connected in any way. Structurally, these can be independent coils wound on rings or ferrite cups, in which, as you know, the magnetic field is closed and does not go outside. Also, you can try to shield these inductances from each other - the effect will not change fundamentally. Positive feedback between L1 and L2 occurs in the p-n junction of the base-collector of the transistor VT1. This kacher generation method is fundamentally different from the blocking generator.

In the above circuit, the value of the inductance L1 must be between half the value and the integer value of the inductance L2: \[{L_2 \over 2} \le L_1 \le L_2\] In this case, optimal energy ratios for pulse generation are achieved. With L1, you can adjust the frequency of these pulses within these limits, if you make this inductance adjustable. The author's circuit worked at a minimum value of L1 and L2 - 15 μH (Fig. 4). But the optimal energy saving mode of the generator began at inductances of the order of 100 μH and higher (Fig. 2-3).

Fig.2. Inductance value: L1=L2=200 µH

Fig.3. Inductance value: L1=100 µH, L2=200 µH

Fig.4. Inductance value: L1=L2=15 uH

Figures 2-4 show oscillograms, where the yellow probe is installed on the base, and the blue one on the collector of the transistor VT1 (X1 output). The supply voltage of the circuit is 9 V. It can be seen that the duration of the unipolar pulse varies depending on the inductance L1. When L1 = 200 μH, its duration was 205 ns at a pulse swing up to 250 V, and when L1 decreased to 15 μH, the pulse duration decreased to 74 ns. It should also be noted that with a decrease in the inductances L1 and L2, an increase in the current consumption of the circuit was observed.

The dependence of the inductance L2 and the pulse repetition rate is interesting: the greater this inductance, the greater the frequency, and vice versa. With classical dependence, as you know, the opposite is true: with an increase in inductance, the frequency decreases. Also, as the supply voltage increases, the generation frequency decreases. This is due to a decrease in the output resistance of the transistor, which leads to this effect. The fact is that the circuit generates pulses in accordance with resonance of the second kind, in which such resistance plays a significant role.

The author tested the generator circuit with various transistors. The brand C4793 worked very well, and also -- switching transistors TIP41C and BUL128A. The latter allows you to raise the supply voltage of the circuit to 24 V, although in this case it is desirable to increase the values ​​of R1 and R2 by about one and a half times. When choosing a transistor, you can look at the maximum frequency of its operation and at the output capacitance: the frequency should be as high as possible, and the capacitance should be as small as possible. The output capacitance of the transistor and the internal capacitance of the inductors affect the duration of the generated pulse, the smaller they are, the shorter its duration will be.

Capacitors C1,C2 can be propylene or ceramic. Their nominal value can be in the range of 10-33 nF without a significant change in the generation effect.

The tuning resistor R1 adjusts the generation frequency and the threshold for its start. In the initial position, R1 should have a maximum value, which can be gradually reduced until the desired parameters for the frequency and current consumption of the circuit are obtained.

In the next part of this work, we will consider some applications of this circuitry.